Issue 4 (85)
| BONAPARTE’S CAPTURE OF ALEXANDRIA ON JULY 2, 1798: THE CONFLICT OF IDEOLOGY AND REALITY | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2024 | Number | 4(85) |
| Pages | 24-33 | Type | scientific article |
| UDC | 94(44)“1798” | BBK | 63.3(4Ôðà)521.11 |
| Authors | Tchoudinov Alexander V. |
Topic | ANTHROPOLOGY OF WAR IN THE MIDDLE AGE AND MODERN TIMES |
| Summary | The article is dedicated to the history of the capture of Alexandria by the French on July 2, 1798, to which researchers of Bonaparte’s Egyptian campaign usually do not pay much attention. Meanwhile, this was the first episode of practical verification on Egyptian soil of the ideological slogan “liberation of peoples from tyrants”, under the guise of which revolutionary France carried out its conquests and which Bonaparte tried to use also in the Middle East. However, here this ideology did not stand the test with reality. Considering it necessary to capture the city first, and only then explain to its inhabitants that they had been “liberated”, Bonaparte, without even trying to enter negotiations, threw his troops at a peaceful city, where they staged a brutal massacre of the very Egyptians whom they allegedly came to liberate. And although after that it was announced to the locals that the French were fighting not with them, but with the Mamluks, it was no longer able to change the attitude of the Egyptians towards the invaders. During the three years of the French occupation, the Muslims of Egypt harbored an enduring hatred of the aliens and waged a people’s war against them, which became one of the reasons for the final collapse of the expedition started by Bonaparte. | ||
| Keywords | history of Modern times, Egypt, France, French revolution, Bonaparte’s Egyptian campaign, Muslims | ||
| References |
Boudon J.-O. La Campagne d’Égypte. Paris: Belin, 2018. (in French). Bovykin D. Yu., Chudinov A. V. Frantsuzskaya revolyutsiya [The French Revolution]. Moscow: Al’pina-non-fikshn Publ., 2020. (in Russ.). Chandler D. Voyennyye kampanii Napoleona [The Ñampaigns of Napoleon]. Moscow: Tsentrpoligraf Publ., 2011. (in Russ.). Tchoudinov A. V. Zabytaya armiya. Frantsuzy v Yegipte posle Bonaparta. 1799–1800 [The Forgotten Army. The French in Egypt after Bonaparte. 1799–1800]. Moscow: Politicheskaya entsiklopediya Publ., 2019. (in Russ.). Cole J. Napoleon’s Egypt. Invading the Middle East. Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press, 2008. (in English). Laurens H. L’Expédition d’Égypte 1798–1801. Paris: Éditions du Seuil, 1997. (in French). Mitrofanov A. A. [Rebellious Savoy: From the “Great Fermentation” to the French Occupation. 1791–1792. On Materials of the Archive of Russian Empire Foreign Policy]. Frantsuzskiy yezhegodnik [Annual of French Studies], 2018, vol. 51, pp. 78–92. DOI: 10.32608/0235-4349-2018-1-51-78-92 (in Russ.). Zaytseva D. V. [French in Neapolitan Republic of 1799]. Frantsuzskiy yezhegodnik [Annual of French Studies], 2023, vol. 56, pp. 97–115. DOI: 10.32608/0235-4349-2023-1-56-97-115 (in Russ.). |
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