Issue 2 (87)
| SOVIET-CUBAN TRADE AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS (1960–1972) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2025 | Number | 2 (87) |
| Pages | 81-94 | Type | scientific article |
| UDC | 94(47+7Êóá)“1960/1970” | BBK | 63.3(2+729.1)6 |
| Authors | Lipkin Mikhail A. |
Topic | ECONOMIC INTERACTION OF THE USSR WITH FRIENDLY COUNTRIES |
| Summary | The article analyzes evolution of the Soviet-Cuban trade and economic relations in the period of 1960–1972 based on documents from Russian archives that are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. Based on key doctrinal documents, records of negotiations and correspon- dence of key figures of the period under review: Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Anastas Mikoyan, Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhnev, it shows characteristic features and the logic of certain periods in economic relations. The author proves that in 1960 and 1971 the Soviet Union twice saved the economy of revolutionary Cuba from collapse by promptly providing preferential loans, technical assistance and political support. For the first time, the discussions around the Cuban draft agreement on economic integration with the USSR in 1960 and the negotiations between Soviet and Cuban planners on the problem of the default that threatened Havana in 1971 are shown. The author concludes that despite of a refusal to sign the agreement on integration in 1960, de facto Cuba became a part of the income and expenditure items of the Soviet state budget. The coordination of plans between the two countries from the early 1970s, the confidential exchange of plans for internal development, meant a transition from the initial model of coordinating prices and commodity lists to more complex interstate economic integration, supplemented by Cuba’s entry into the CMEA in 1972. | ||
| Keywords | USSR, Cuba, USA, revolution, international trade, blockade, trade sanctions, economic integration, cooperation, aid, loans, world socialist system, CMEA, Gosplan, Che Guevara, Fidel Castro, Anastas Mikoyan, Nikita Khrushchev, Alexei Kosygin, Leonid Brezhn | ||
| References |
Arabajyan A. Z. Evolyutsiya sotsialisticheskoy sistemy Kuby i ekonomicheskiye preobrazovaniya v 1959– 1991 gg.: kand. dis. [Evolution of the Socialist System of Cuba and Economic Transformations in 1959–1991: Diss. Cand.]. Moscow, 2003. (in Russ.). Lipkin M. A. Sovet ekonomicheskoy vzaimopomoshchi: istoricheskiy opyt al’ternativnogo global’nogo miroustroystva (1949–1979) [The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance: A Historical Experience of the Alternative Global World Order (1949–1979)] Moscow: Ves’ Mir Publ., 2019. (in Russ.). Meyer H. This Communist Internationale Has a Capitalist Accent. Fortune, 1977, vol. 95, no. 2, pp. 134–148. (in English). Osipov E. A. [The Attempt to Reform the CMEA in 1962–1963 in the Assessments of French Diplomats. According to the Materials of the Archive of the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs]. Elektronnyy nauchno-obrazovatel’nyy zhurnal “Istoriya” [The Journal of Education and Science “ISTORIYA” (“History”)], 2019, vol. 10, no. 7 (81). Availabl at: https://history.jes.su/s207987840006792-0-1/ (accessed: 06.06.2025). (in Russ.). Sanchez-Sibony O. Krasnaya globalizatsiya. Politicheskaya ekonomiya kholodnoy voyny ot Stalina do Khrushchova [Red Globalization. The Political Economy of the Soviet Cold War from Stalin to Khrushchev]. Saint Petersburg: Academic Studies Press Publ.; Bibiliorossika Publ., 2022. (in Russ.). Sovilla B. Dificultades y Contradicciones en la Construcción del Socialismo en Cuba al inicio del Period Revolucionario. America Latina en la Historia Económica. 2019, vol. 26 (3), e983. DOI: 10.18232/alhe.983 (in Spanish). |
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