Home/ Search/ 2013/ Issue 3 (40)

Issue 3 (40)

POVERTY AS A WAY OF LIFE: THE URAL’S COUNTRYSIDE DURING THE WW II AND THE POST-WAR YEARS (1941–1953)
Year	2013	Number	3(40)
Pages	91-98	Type	scientific article
UDC	94(470.5)"19"	BBK	63(235.55)622+63(235.55)631
Authors	Kornilov Gennady E.	Topic	ECONOMIC HISTORY
Summary	The article deals with the agrarian policy of the Soviet state during the late Stalin’s period, which remained unchanged even after the victory in the World War II. The confiscatory procurement policy was the main factor contributing to the extreme poverty of the population in the Ural’s villages. Based on the analysis of historical documents the author presented the economic, demographic and the food availability situation in the countryside during the war and post-war periods. A conclusion on the existence of crisis in the agricultural and food sectors in the early 1950s has been formulated for the first time. Deficit of food products forced the central authorities to provide food and seed subsidies to the farmers of the Sverdlovsk region in order to prevent famine. It is demonstrated that the farmers even under the conditions of collectivism maintained their traditional characteristics and followed the “moral economy” norms.
Keywords	agricultural policy, collective, fi nancial position, poverty
References	Foster J., Greer J., Thorbecke E. Econometrica, 1984, № 52(3), pp. 761–765. (in English). Kessler Kh., Kornilov G. Ye. Kolkhoznaya zhizn na Urale. 1935–1953: dokumenty sovetskoy istorii [Collective farm life in the Urals. 1935–1953: documents of soviet history]. Moscow: ROSSPEN Publ., 2006, 912 p. (in Russ.). Kornilov G. Ye. Uralskaya derevnya v period Velikoy Otechestvennoy voyny (1941–1945 gg.) [Ural village during Great Patriotic war (1941–1945)]. Sverdlovsk: Ural. gos. un-t Publ., 1990, 211 p. (in Russ.). Kornilov G. Ye. Uralskoe selo i voyna. Problemy demografi cheskogo razvitiya [Ural village and war. The problems of demographic development]. Ekaterinburg: Uralagropress Publ., 1993, 174 p. (in Russ.). Kuzmina A. P. Ural’skii istoricheskii vestnik (Ural Historical Journal), 2013, № 1, pp. 52–57. (in Russ.). Mazur L. N. Problemy istorii regionalnogo razvitiya: naselenie, ekonomika i kultura Urala i sopredelnykh territoriy v sovetskiy period [Problems in the history of regional development: population, economy and culture of the Urals and adjacent areas during the Soviet period]. Ekaterinburg: IIiA URO RAN Publ., 1992, pp. 58–67. (in Russ.). Motrevich V. P. Selskoe khozyaystvo Urala v pokazatelyakh statistiki [Agriculture Urals in terms of statistics]. Ekaterinburg: Nauka Publ., 1993, 307 p. (in Russ.). Popov V. P. Rossiyskaya derevnya posle voyny (iyun 1945 — mart 1953 gg.): sbornik dokumentov [Russian village after the war (June 1945 — March 1953): a collection of documents]. Moscow: MPGU Publ., 1993, 204 p. (in Russ.). Tolmacheva R. P. Kolkhozy Urala v pervye poslevoennye gody (1946–1950 gg.) [The collective of the Urals in the early post-war years (1946–1950 gg.)]. Tomsk: Tomskiy un-t Publ., 1979, 221 p. (in Russ.). Volkov I. M. Trudovoy podvig krestyanstva v poslevoennye gody. Kolkhozy SSSR v 1946–1950 gg. [Heroic labor of the peasantry in the postwar years. The collective farms of the USSR in 1946–1950]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1972, 293 p. (in Russ.). Zemskov V. N. Spetsposelentsy v SSSR, 1930–1960 [Special settlers in the USSR, 1930–1960]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 2005, 306 p. (in Russ.). Zima V. F. Golod v SSSR 1946–1947 gg.: proiskhozhdenie i posledstviya [Famine in the USSR in 1946–1947: origins and consequences]. Moscow: IRI RAN Publ., 1996, 265 p. (in Russ.). Zima V. F. Otechestvennaya istoriya (History of Russia), 1993, № 1, pp. 35–52. (in Russ.). Zima V. F. Otechestvennaya istoriya (History of Russia), 1994, № 3, pp. 109–125. (in Russ.).
Download in PDF