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Issue 1 (58)

“TO THE TATARS THE SOVIET POWER IS ILL DISPOSED...” (THE LIFE OF IMAM YA. K. KHALEKOV)
Year	2018	Number	1(58)
Pages	82-90	Type	scientific article
UDC	94(470)”18/19”:297.17	BBK	63.3(2)+86.38
Authors	Bekkin Renat I.	Topic	ETHNOHISTORY
Summary	The article offers a reconstruction of the Leningrad Jami mosque’s imam-khatib Yakub Khalekov. Three stages of his religious career have been discussed: 1) Vologda (1910–1917), 2) Petrograd-Leningrad (1920–1931) and 3) Orekhovo-Zuevo (1948–1950). The life of Ya. Khalekov illustrated the evolution of the state policy towards Islam in the Imperial and, later, in the Soviet Russia during the first half of the 20th century. Having started his career as a semi-official mullah in Vologda Ya. Khalekov managed to achieve formal recognition of his congregation by the official authorities. In 1921 he became the imam-khatib of the Petrograd (later the Leningrad) Jami mosque and the actual leader of the local Muslim community. In the late 1940s his countrymen from Nizhny Novgorod invited him to move to Orekhovo-Zuevo. He continued to serve there to the end of his life as the unofficial mullah not only performing religious rites, but also transferring religious knowledge to the younger generation. According to the author in 1920–40s what the Muslim community in the USSR needed most was not the outstanding theologists, but the imams capable of everyday religious work even in the semi-underground conditions. The article is based on the materials from the state and private archives, as well as the author's field study materials. Particular attention is paid to the materials from the investigative records of the case of “nationalistic counter-revolutionary group led by the mullahs Yakub Khalekov and Kemal Basyrov” (1931) which allowed reconstruction in addition to the Ya. Khalekov’s biography also the history of the 1920s Leningrad Tatar-Muslim community.
Keywords	imam-khatib, Tatar Muslim community, “Twenty” (“dvadtcatka”), Pan-Islamism
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