Issue 3 (64)
| STEPPE BORDERS OF EURASIA: AN ATTEMPT AT MACRO-HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2019 | Number | 3(64) |
| Pages | 6-14 | Type | scientific article |
| UDC | 94(4/5)“04/18ˮ | BBK | 63.3 |
| Authors | Zubkov Konstantin I. Shumkin Georgy N. |
Topic | BORDERS AND TRUNS-BORDER COMMUNICATIONS IN HISTORY |
| Summary | The article is an attempt at reconstructing basic regularities of macro-historical evolution of the Eurasia steppe zone regarded as a vast borderland space. The chief of these regularities was that the nomadic civilization emerged within the Eurasian steppe zone, in spite of upsurges of the imperial power, along with the course of historical progress, tended to lag behind the technically oriented sedentary and agrarian civilizations in the pace and results of development. The change of the world political structure, which accompanied this process, led to the fragmentation and growing instability of the Eurasia steppe zone. This resulted in its transformation into the borderland space situated between the approaching “frontiers” of more powerful and stable state entities. The article argues that a number of morphological particularities inherent in the borderland zones during the pre-industrial epoch may be considered as applicable for characterizing the historical development of the Eurasia steppe nomadic zone, which had become the arena of the counter expansionist moves of the competing states. This complicated political disposition essentially influenced the conditions of survival and the factors of resilience of the steppe borderlands; it also explains the historically protracted process of their colonization inseparably linked with the need to develop complex combinatory strategies of all-embracing (economic, military, political, cultural) reconstruction of the steppe spaces. | ||
| Keywords | Eurasia, Russia, steppe zone, border, borderland, nomadic civilization, colonization, Frontier | ||
| References |
Alekseev V. V., Alekseeva E. V., Zubkov K. I., Poberezhnikov I. V. Aziatskaya Rossiya v geopoliticheskoy i tsivilizatsionnoy dinamike. XVI–XX veka [Asian Russia in the geopolitical and civilizational dynamics. 16th–20th centuries]. Moscow: Nauka Publ., 2004, 600 p. (in Russ.). Baud M., Van Schendel W. Toward a Comparative History of Borderlands. Journal of World History, 1997, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 211–242. (in English). Belich J. The Black Death and the Spread of Europe. The Prospect of Global History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016, pp. 93–107. (in English). Chaichian M. Empires and Walls: Globalization, Migration, and Colonial Domination. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2014, 361 p. (in English). Davies B. L. Warfare, State and Society on the Black Sea Steppe, 1500–1700. London; New York: Routledge, 2007, 256 p. (in English). Fernandez-Armesto F. Tsivilizatsii [Civilizations]. Moscow: AST-Moskva Publ., 2009, 764 p. (in Russ.). Gliwa A. The Tatar Military Art of War in the Early Modern Period: An Example of Asymmetric Warfare. Acta Poloniae Historica, 2016, vol. 114, pp. 191–229. (in English). Gurevich B. P. Mezhdunarodnyye otnosheniya v Tsentral’noy Azii v XVII — pervoy polovine XIX v. [International relations in Central Asia in the 17th — first half of the 19th century]. Moscow: Nauka; Gl. redaktsiya vostochnoy lit-ry Publ., 1979, 311 p. (in Russ.). Haushofer K. O geopolitike: raboty raznykh let [About geopolitics: works of various years]. Moscow: Mysl’ Publ., 2001, 426 p. (in Russ.). Kołodziejczyk D. The Crimean Khanate and Poland-Lithuania: International Diplomacy on the European Periphery (15th–18th century). A Study of Peace Treaties Followed by Annotated Documents. Leiden; Boston: Brill, 2011, 1098 p. (in English). Kradin N. N. Kochevyye obshchestva (problemy formatsionnoy kharakteristiki) [Nomadic societies (problems of formational characterization)]. Vladivostok: Dal’nauka Publ., 1992, 240 p. (in Russ.). Kuchera M. P. [History of the studying Serpent Shafts of the Middle Dnieper region]. RusArkh: Elektronnaya nauchnaya biblioteka po istorii drevnerusskoy arkhitektury [RusArh: Electronic Scientific Library on the History of Old Russian Architecture]. Available at: http://rusarch.ru/kuchera1.htm (accessed: 26.05.2019). (in Russ.). Kul’tura drevnebukharskogo oazisa III–IV vv. [The culture of the ancient Bukhara oasis of the 3rd–4th centuries]. Tashkent: “FAN” Publ., 1983, 124 p. (in Russ.). Labbaf-Khaniki M. Long Wall of Asia: The Backbone of Asian Defensive Landscape. Proceedings of the 10th International Congress of Archaeology of the Ancient Near East. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2018, vol. 2, pp. 113–121. (in English). Łowmiański H. The Ancient Prussians. Baltic Countries, 1935, vol. I, no. 2, pp. 141–166. (in English). Mears J. A. Analyzing the Phenomenon of Borderlands from Comparative and Cross-Cultural Perspectives. Conference Proceeding “Interactions: Regional Studies, Global Processes, and Historical Analysis”. Available at: http://webdoc.sub.gwdg.de/ebook/p/2005/history_cooperative/www.historycooperative.org/ proceedings/interactions/mears.html (accessed: 26.05.2019). (in English). Perdue P. C. Boundaries, Maps, and Movement: Chinese, Russian, and Mongolian Empires in Early Modern Central Eurasia. The International History Review, 1998, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 263–286. (in English). Platonov S. F. Proshloye russkogo Severa: Ocherki po istorii kolonizatsii Pomor’ya [The past of the Russian North: Essays on the history of the colonization of Pomorje]. Petrograd: “Vremya” Publ., 1923, 79 p. (in Russ.). Savitsky P. N. Kontinent Evraziya [Continent Eurasia]. Moscow: Agraf Publ., 1997, 464 p. (in Russ.). Spring P. Great Walls and Linear Barriers. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Military, 2015, 320 p. (in English). Sultanov T. I. Chingiz-khan i Chingizidy. Sud’ba i vlast’ [Genghis Khan and Genghisids. Fate and power]. Moscow: AST Publ., 2006, 445 p. (in Russ.). Trepavlov V. V. [Ulus of Jochi in the 15th–16th centuries: the inertia of unity]. Zolotoordynskoye naslediye. Materialy Mezhdunarod. nauch. konf. “Politicheskaya i sotsial’no-ekonomicheskaya istoriya Zolotoy Ordy (XIII–XV vv.)” [The Golden Horde heritage. Proceedings of the Intern. Sci. Conf. “The Political and Socio-Economic History of the Golden Horde (13th–15th centuries)”]. Kazan: Fen Publ., 2009, iss. 1, pp. 11–15. (in Russ.). Turnbull S. The Great Wall of China 221 BC — AD 1644. New York: Osprey Publishing, 2007, 64 p. (in English). Tymovskiy M., Kenevich J., Holzer E. Istoriya Pol’shi [History of Poland]. Moscow: “Ves’ Mir” Publ., 2004, 544 p. (in Russ.). |
||
| Download in PDF | |||
