Issue 1 (90)
| TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGES AND THE STAKHANOV MOVEMENT IN THE SOVIET PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2026 | Number | 1 (90) |
| Pages | 25-33 | Type | scientific article |
| UDC | 94(47)“1920/1940“ | BBK | 63.3(2)61 |
| Authors | Zykin Ivan V. |
Topic | SOVIET INDUSTRY: TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY |
| Summary | The article analyzes the key technological changes in the USSR pulp and paper industry in the 1920s — early 1940s and their impact on the potential of the Stakhanov movement and the economic policy of the state. It is noted that the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, possessing large reserves of forest resources, lacked technologies for their deep processing. The key task was to create institutional, material and social conditions for borrowing and developing technologies: the acquisition of imported technologies, the deployment of specialists to leading countries in the pulp and paper industry, the creation of a training system, scientific institutions, machine-building enterprises. The successes and contradictions in the development of the industry were caused by the long-term construction of enterprises, underestimation of advanced technologies, and the authorities’ desire to increase workers’ productivity and improve product quality. Analyzing the features of the Stakhanov movement in the pulp and paper industry made it possible to establish that its tasks could not be fully realized in a technologically complex industry. At the turn of the 1930s and 1940s, due to the military threat, party-state and economic bodies, scientific research institutions, having many technologies, relied on improving product quality. The development and implementation of technological modes became the main way to solve the problem. They contributed to the transformation of the Stakhanovite movement in the industry: Stakhanovites began to be required to slightly exceed the standards for the quantity and quality of production. | ||
| Keywords | first five-year plans, pulp and paper industry, technologies, paper machines, technological modes, Stakhanov movement, labor productivity | ||
| References |
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